Cefixime information from DrugsUpdate
P - Caution when used during pregnancy
L - Caution when used during lactation
FI - Food*
LI - Lab*
Cefixime is an oral third generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is used to treat gonorrhea, tonsilitis, and pharyngitis. The usual dose is 400 mg in two divided doses for up to 5-7 days.
In India it is available under brand names, such as, SECEF (Novartis ), Zeefix (Agio Pharmaceuticals Ltd.);Cefigard 50DT, 100DT, 200DT, Dry syrup(Vanguard therapetics Pvt Ltd), Ceftas-200 (Intas Pharmaceuticals); ZiFi CV-200 (FDC Limited) Alfi (Alkem Laboratories).
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Cefixime binds to one or more of the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.
Absorption
Only 40-50% is absorbed from the GI tract (oral); rate may be decreased if taken with food. Greater absorption from oral suspension than tablets.
Distribution
Bile, urine (high concentrations); crosses the placenta. Protein-binding: 65%.
Excretion
20% of an oral dose excreted via urine unchanged; 60% nonrenal elimination; some is excreted via the faeces from the bile. Substantially removed by dialysis.
Cefixime Indications / Cefixime Uses
Information Not Available
Cefixime Adverse Reactions / Cefixime Side Effects
Diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; headache, dizziness, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia.
Potentially Fatal: Pseudomembranous colitis.
Precautions
Monitor
Monitor PT and patient's response to therapy.
Adverse reactions
Monitor patient for GI, CNS, general body adverse reactions, and signs of superinfection.
Special Precautions
History of allergy to penicillins; pregnancy, lactation; renal failure; GI disease.
Other Drug Interactions
Increased concentrations with probenecid.
Potentially Fatal: May increase prothrombin time with anticoagulants.
Other Interactions
Food Interaction
Absorption delayed in the presence of food.
Dosage
Oral
Susceptible infections
Adult: 200-400 mg/day as a single dose or in 2 divided doses.
Child: 8 mg/kg/day as a single dose or in 2 divided doses; <6 months: Not recommended. Treatment should be continued for 48 hours after disappearance of symptoms.
Renal impairment: Dose reduction is necessary.
CrCl (ml/min) Dosage Recommendation
<20 Max: 200 mg daily.
Oral
Uncomplicated gonorrhoea
Adult: 400 mg as a single dose.
Renal impairment: Dose reduction is necessary.
CrCl (ml/min) Dosage Recommendation
<20 Max: 200 mg daily.
Food(before/after)
Should be taken with food.
List of Contraindications
Cefixime and Pregnancy
Caution when used during pregnancy
Category B: Either animal-reproduction studies have not demonstrated a foetal risk but there are no controlled studies in pregnant women or animal-reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect (other than a decrease in fertility) that was not confirmed in controlled studies in women in the 1st trimester (and there is no evidence of a risk in later trimesters).
Cefixime and Lactation
Caution when used during lactation
Cefixime and Children
Safety and efficacy not established in children younger than 6 mo of age.
Cefixime and Geriatic
Information Not Available
Cefixime and Other Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin
Storage
Oral
Store below 25°C.
Lab interference
Oral
Store below 25°C.
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