Clomifene information from DrugsUpdate
P - Contraindicated in pregnancy
L - Contraindicated in lactation
LI - Lab *
Clomifene or Clomiphene or Clomid or Clomifert is a selective estrogen receptor modulator, increasing production of gonadotropins by inhibiting negative feedback on the hypothalamus. It is used mainly for ovarian stimulation in female infertility due to anovulation (e.g. due to polycystic ovary syndrome). Clomiphene citrate is marketed under various trade names including Clomid, Serophene, Milophene, etc.
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Clomifene inhibits the negative feedback mechanisms of oestrogens in the hypothalamus and pituitary which stimulates the secretion of pituitary gonadotrophic hormones resulting in stimulation of ovulation.
Absorption
Absorbed as citrate in the GI tract (oral).
Metabolism
Hepatic; undergoes enterohepatic recycling.
Excretion
Via the urine and bile; via the faeces (as unchanged drug and metabolites). 5-7 days (elimination half-life).
Clomifene Indications / Clomifene Uses
Information Not Available
Clomifene Adverse Reactions / Clomifene Side Effects
Ovarian enlargement; abdominal pain and bloating; blurred vision; hot flushes; breast discomfort; depression; multiple or ectopic pregnancies; weight gain, nausea, vomiting; endometriosis; headache, convulsions, dizziness, fatigue, vertigo, insomnia; rash.
Precautions
Information Not Available
Special Precautions
Polycystic ovaries, evaluate presence of ovarian cyst before each cycle treatment. Uterine fibroids; visual disturbances may develop which will impair ability to drive or operate machinery.
Other Drug Interactions
Decreased response with danazol
Other Interactions
Information Not Available
Dosage
Oral
Anovulatory infertility
Adult: 50 mg daily for 5 days starting on the 5th day of menstrual cycle or at any time if there is amenorrhoea. If ovulation does not occur, a 2nd course of 100 mg for 5 days may be used commencing as early as 30 days after the previous therapy. Further treatment may not be recommended if pregnancy has not occurred after a total of 6 treatment cycles.
Food(before/after)
Information Not Available
List of Contraindications
Clomifene and Pregnancy
Contraindicated in pregnancy.
Category X: Studies in animals or human beings have demonstrated foetal abnormalities or there is evidence of foetal risk based on human experience or both, and the risk of the use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweighs any possible benefit. The drug is contraindicated in women who are or may become pregnant.
Clomifene and Lactation
Contraindicated in lactation
Clomifene and Children
Information Not Available
Clomifene and Geriatic
Information Not Available
Clomifene and Other Contraindications
Hypersensitivity; abnormal bleeding; pregnancy, lactation; liver dysfunction; uncontrolled thyroid or adrenal dysfunction, patient with an organic intracranial lesions such as pituitary tumor.
Storage
Oral
Store at 15-30°C.
Lab interference
Oral
Store at 15-30°C.
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