Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide information from DrugsUpdate
P - Contraindicated in pregnancy
L - Contraindicated in lactation
FI - Food *
Information Not Available
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor, which reduces the levels of AT II and aldosterone. This action is potentiated by Na depletion which activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Hydrochlorothiazide also eliminates the vol factor commonly occuring with long term use of vasodilators.
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide Indications / Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide Uses
Information Not Available
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide Adverse Reactions / Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide Side Effects
Syncope, chest pain, abdominal pain, orthostatic hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia, GI symptoms, insomnia, nervousness, paresthesia, vertigo, skin rash, dyspnoea, gout, arthralgia, tinnitus, decreased libido, cough.
Potentially Fatal: NA.
Precautions
Information Not Available
Special Precautions
Renal impairment, anaesthesia, concomitant K supplements and K - sparing diuretics, hypovolemic patients pregnancy, lactation.
Other Drug Interactions
Significant increase in serum K levels with K supplements and K sparing diuretics. Lithium toxicity in patients receiving lithium concomitantly. Alcohol, barbiturates, narcotics potentiate orthostatic hypotension. Dosage adjustment of antidiabetic drugs needed. Potentiation of action of other antihypertensives, corticosteroids, ACTH.
Potentially Fatal: NA.
Other Interactions
Food Interaction
Absorption and bioavailability of hydrochlorthiazide may be increased.
Dosage
Oral
Hypertension
Adult: Enalapril maleate-10mg+ Hydrochlorothiazide-25mg (tablets) 1/2-1 tab daily.
Elderly: Cautious use
Oral
Chronic heart failure
Adult: Enalapril maleate-10mg+ Hydrochlorothiazide-25mg (tablets) 1/2-1 tab daily.
Elderly: Cautious use
Special Populations
Cautious use with renal impairment.
Food(before/after)
May be taken with or without food
List of Contraindications
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide and Pregnancy
Contraindicated in pregnancy.
Category C: Either studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the foetus (teratogenic or embryocidal or other) and there are no controlled studies in women or studies in women and animals are not available. Drugs should be given only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the foetus.
In 2nd & 3rd trimesters:
Category D: There is positive evidence of human foetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant women may be acceptable despite the risk (e.g., if the drug is needed in a life-threatening situation or for a serious disease for which safer drugs cannot be used or are ineffective).
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide and Lactation
Contraindicated in Lactation
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide and Children
Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established.
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide and Geriatic
This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of toxic reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection. Evaluation of the hypertensive patient should always include assessment of renal function.
Enalapril + Hydrochlorothiazide and Other Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, anuria, aortic stenosis, outflow obstruction, hepatic cirrhosis.
Storage
Information Not Available
Lab interference
Information Not Available
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