Hydroxocobalamine chloride information from DrugsUpdate
Hydroxocobalamine chloride is indicated for the treatment of suspected or diagnosed cyanide poisoning. Hydroxocobalamine chloride is also prescribed for the treatment of pernicious anemia and vitamin B12 malabsorption syndromes. Hydroxocobalamine chloride injections are also used in the Schilling test.
Pharmacodynamics
Hydroxocobalamine chloride specifically binds with cyanide molecules to form non-toxic cyanocobalamine. The non-toxic metabolite is readily excreted in the urine.
Pharmacokinetics
After intravenous administration, Hydroxocobalamine chloride acts rapidly with a Cmax of 113 mcg Eq/mL. As an intra-muscular injection, about half of the administered dose will disappear from the site of injection within 2.5 hours. Hydroxocobalamine is highly bound to plasma proteins and stored in hepatic tissues. Hydroxocobalamine chloride is excreted via the biliary route.
Hydroxocobalamine chloride Indications / Hydroxocobalamine chloride Uses
No information available
Hydroxocobalamine chloride Adverse Reactions / Hydroxocobalamine chloride Side Effects
Hydroxocobalamine chloride can cause elevated blood pressure, ventricular extrasystoles, paced heart beats, ECG repolarization, impaired memory, restlessness, erythema, eye swelling, urticaria, impaired memory, nausea, chest tightness, dysphagia, hematochezia, localized reactions, lymphocytopenia, hematuria, pleural effusion, peripheral edema, anaphylaxis and angioneurotic edema.
Precautions
Hydroxocobalamine chloride can cause potassium imbalance and decreased platelet counts. Monitor such parameters while receiving Hydroxocobalamine chloride.
Special Precautions
No information available
Other Drug Interactions
Hydroxocobalamine chloride may interact with thiopental, ascorbic acid, sodium nitrite, Fentanyl, dobutamine, pentobarbital, diazepam, propofol, thiosulfate, fresh frozen plasma, nitroglycerin and blood products.
Other Interactions
No information available
Dosage
For cyanide poisoning (Adults):
Start with an initial dose of 5g as IV infusion over 15 minutes. If needed, the dosage can be repeated.
As Schilling test (Adults):
Consider administration of 1000 mcg of Hydroxocobalamine chloride as an intra-muscular injection.
Vitamin B 12 deficiency (Adults):
Consider administration of 30 mcg/day as an intra-muscular injection for 5-10 days. The treatment can be followed by 100-200 mcg, every month.
Vitamin B 12 deficiency (Pediatrics):
Start with an initial dose of 100 mcg as an intramuscular injection for at least two weeks. The total dosage should not exceed 1-5 g/month. The maintenance dose should be at least 30-50 mcg every four weeks.
Food(before/after)
No information available
List of Contraindications
Hydroxocobalamine chloride and Pregnancy
USFDA pregnancy category C. May be or may not be harmful to an unborn baby. Consult a healthcare provider if you are in gestation or planning to have a baby during Hydroxocobalamine chloride treatment.
Hydroxocobalamine chloride and Lactation
The safety and efficacy of Hydroxocobalamine chloride is not studied and documented. Consult a physician before taking Hydroxocobalamine chloride.
Hydroxocobalamine chloride and Children
Safety and efficacy are not established in the clinical trial studies.
Hydroxocobalamine chloride and Geriatic
No information available
Hydroxocobalamine chloride and Other Contraindications
No information available
Storage
Store between 59° and 86°F. Reconstituted mixture can be used up to 6 hours after reconstitution. Unused solution should be discarded after 6 hours
Lab interference
Store between 59° and 86°F. Reconstituted mixture can be used up to 6 hours after reconstitution. Unused solution should be discarded after 6 hours
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